Alan E. Johnson, an independent philosopher, historian, political scientist, and legal scholar, is the author of Free Will and Human Life, Reason and Human Ethics, Reason and Human Government, The First American Founder: Roger Williams and Freedom of Conscience, The Electoral College: Failures of Original Intent and Proposed Constitutional and Statutory Changes for Direct Popular Vote, 2nd ed., and other publications in the fields of ethical and political philosophy, history, and constitutional law. He holds an A.B. (Political Science) and A.M. (Humanities) from the University of Chicago and a J.D. from Cleveland State University College of Law. He retired in 2012 from a long career as an attorney in which he focused mainly, though not exclusively, on constitutional and public law litigation. For further information, see his post here.